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J. P. GAGE. COATING PAPER.

Patented May 30, 1848.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES P. GAGE, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

SIEVE FOR SANDING PAPER.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 5,602, dated 1V[ay 30, 1848.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JAMES P. GAGE, of NewYork, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented anew and useful Apparatus for the Manufacture of Sandpaper; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a partof this specification, in which Figure 1 is a perspective View. Fig. 2is a side elevation, similar letters referring to similar partsthroughout.

The nature of my invention consists in the construction of machinery,for applying or affixing to the surface of paper-and like material,rough or angular grains of sand, ground glass, &c, and securing the samein a permanent manner, which when done constitutes the article known assand paper.

This invention consists in making sand paper in single sheets, and isperformed on a peculiarly constructed table as represented. The top ofthis table consists of deal boards, and is oblong in shape; at one endthere is a shallow box (a), the fore part of which, is scarfed down toabout half its depth, as seen in the figures. Near the upper edge of thebox, a cleat (b) is nailed the object of which is to support the sieve.

The letters (0 0), represent two wires stretched parallel to each other,and fastened to the ends of the box, and support a frame called a papercar, which frame is seen at (d), and consists of several light slats ofwood, laid near to each other, and fastened to strips beneath placedeach side of the wire, thus securing them, and at the same time forminga groove which prevents the car from slipping out of place. The frame orcar can slide on the wires, and is used to convey the sheet of paperintended to be sanded under the sieve.

The sieve (e e) is an important part in the arrangement, and is ofpeculiar construction. The frame of the sieve consists of wood, isshallow and oblong in shape, on one side wire gauze of the properfineness is fastened. The frame is then braced on the inside, by bars ofiron crossing it. One of these bars is a simple iron rod, having a screwon one end, with a nut to set itup with; the other brace is called ashock conductor, and consists of three rods, branching from one stem at(g) the points spreading out, so as to extend across the back end of theframe, the points of these rods are kept in position, by passing througha plate of iron (9 having three holes punched through it to receivethem; the opposite end, where these rods combine into one, rests againstthe center of theframe and has a screw tapped upon it, and a nut, bywhich the tension is regulated. By screwing this nut and the one on thesingle bar, the wire gauze of the sieve is made of the requiredstiffness.

At (9 there is a piece of thick leather, fastened outside of the frameimmediately opposite to the center rod (g), to protect the frame of thesieve from being mashed by the blows from the shot. The vacant space onthe table, is where the paper is prepared for sanding. As the whole ofthe first process is performed here, when sandpaper is made in singlesheets, it may be as well to state the preliminaries of manufacture. Thepaper must be prepared, by wetting the sides of a pile for an inch ortwoin depth, to prevent warping and curlin several hundred sheets at a timeare thus made ready, and piled up for a few hours, until wanted.

The grit used is ground quartz, rock or like material, bolted to variousdegrees of fineness, and regulated by numbers for different qualities ofpapers, of which there are 10 sizes made, called 00 refined, 00, 0, 0!;1, 13 2, 2. 3 and 4. Instead of quartz, ground flint or pebbles from thesea shore, or glass will answer. The size or sticking matter may consistof well made glue, of the consistence now commonly used. A pile of paperas prepared by wetting down the edges is then placed upon the table (f).The sieve is next filled with grit of the requisite fineness, up to thetop, and leveled off, as

on do inmeasuring grain. An iron ball (it) is then suspended from thewall by a cord, so that it will hang opposite to the plate (9 and aboutsix inches from it. There are two rings in the ball, one to suspend itfrom; and one to which a short cord is to be afiixed on the underside,but this ball instead of being suspended, may be attached by a springhandle to the frame. At the back of the sieve, between the frame and thebox, there are two pieces of India rubber (K K) to cause a recoil of thesieve after a blow from the shot. When all things are ready, a man andboy take their places before the table; the man at the glue, and

the boy at the sieve; a sheet of paper is then sized from the pile bythe man, by spreading the glue over it with a brush; this done, it islaid upon the car (d), and passed under the sieve by the boy; who thengives the sieve a smart blow, with the suspended shot striking theleather plate.

(9 By means of the bracing (g) the shock is conducted equally over thesieve, so as to cause the grit to fall evenly from every part, upon thesized surface of the paper; and to this bracing (which prevents theconcussion on the sides of the sieve, from bellying the wire net,) isowing in a great measure to the superior evenness of the sanded surface.The car is then withdrawn and the paper removed to a rack of laths todry; another sheet is then sized, and treated as before, and so onthroughout. Various effects are provided by the blow of the shot uponthe frame of, the sieve; more or less grit bein delivered by variationsof the force of the stroke. This part therefore requires some practice,in order to cause just sufficient grit to fall to cover the paperentirely over, but so that no particles of the prepared material, shalllie upon one another. The paper also must be at different distances fromthe sieve, fordifferent numbers of grit. This is regulated by severaleyes in the box (d), to raise or lower the wires as need be. For finenumbers, the paper must be brought near the bottom of the sieve, so thatthe particles will not attract each other, and fall in clouds. Forcoarse numbers the wires must be lowered to the lower eyes; by thismeans the grit buries itself, by reason of the force of the fall wellinto'the size, and gets a firmer hold. Six sieves are requisite for afull set, but if perfectly bolted, all the numbers may be made by threesieves, by regulating the blow of the ball. The aper is now to have afinishing coat of size applied over its sanded surface, in order tostrengthen the adhesion of the particles. This is done by passing thesheets, one after another between rollers, constructed after the mannerof rollers, set forth in Letters Patent granted to me, for making sandpaper in lengthened rolls; or this last coat, may be given, by

any analogous device.

,WVhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

The method of bracing the sieve internally by means of the brace (g) asdescribed.

JAMES P. GAGE.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH P. PIRSSON, J. L. KINesLEY.

